{"id":8758,"date":"2024-05-31T10:49:39","date_gmt":"2024-05-31T02:49:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/minikino.org\/articles\/?p=8758"},"modified":"2025-11-21T16:48:45","modified_gmt":"2025-11-21T08:48:45","slug":"chaerin-im-exploring-beyond-animation-through-non-conventional-techniques","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/minikino.org\/articles\/chaerin-im-exploring-beyond-animation-through-non-conventional-techniques\/","title":{"rendered":"Chaerin Im: Exploring Beyond Animation Through Non-Conventional Techniques"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Film Critic Dave Kehr categorizes animation in <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/art\/animation\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Encyclopedia Britannica<\/span><\/i><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> as a still image that appears to be moving regardless of its form and medium. From the prehistoric era of cave painting to 19th-century devices such as flipbooks, it is recorded throughout history that artists tried to captivate audiences with the magic of moving characters. With the help of technological development and the popularity of motion pictures, the art of animation currently enjoys great success around the world. However, despite experts&#8217; speculation that the industry will keep growing, the medium seemingly lacks progress in developing its artistry.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Realizing this phenomenon, experimental filmmaker Chaerin Im- whom I had the honor to meet during the Minikino Hybrid Internship Program for Festival Writers &#8211; tries to expand the visual language used in animation by going against the industry norms. Granted, her short debut <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Genesis<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (2017) and successor <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Flora \u2018\uaf43\u2019<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (2018) are made within the animation standard techniques; respectively using hand-drawn and CG animation. Yet her three latest films &#8211; <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mate<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (2019),<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Eyes and Horns<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (2021), and <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I Am a Horse<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (2022) &#8211; are where her style shines the most, offering a distinct and unique experience to the audience.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Unconventional Animation Techniques and Materials<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is perhaps the filmmaker\u2019s most noticeable trait since her latest films don&#8217;t employ the traditional hand-drawn images or CG animation that mainstream audiences used to see. Instead, she approaches through stop-motion animation that combines top-down photography and image scanning. If this work isn\u2019t laborious enough, you will be surprised how the South Korean animator pushes the boundaries by implementing diverse animation techniques across all of her films.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Her third film <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mate<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> uses intaglio printmaking into the film, inspired by her interest in the art technique. When asked why this approach is used, the animator gives a simple yet ambitious answer: to develop a new visual language. She traced her memory back to the production of <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Flora \u2018\uaf43\u2019<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (2018); recalling this urge to break out from the structured nature of CG that doesn\u2019t allow herself to explore and pour the raw emotion into the artwork. Interestingly enough, intaglio itself is known to be an unpredictable artwork where the artist only could see the end result, helping to strengthen the energetic rhythm and mysterious essence that the film offers.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The unconventional technique served the purpose of \u2018reinventing\u2019 the artist technique she referenced as well, mainly as a recurring theme of gender issues in her films. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eyes and Horns<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> uses cyanotype printmaking as a tribute to Picasso\u2019s <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vollard Suite<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. However, instead of processing the image with etching, Chaerin engraved her drawings using a laser printer in plexiglass. This is intended to invert the light and shadows when the image is scanned; connecting to the theme of \u2018reflection\u2019 that she intended for Picasso\u2019s toxic masculinity.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Choice of material also plays an important part in symbolizing representation of oneself. Her latest film<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> I Am a Horse<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> features a sequence that transitions drawings from a white background into aluminum foil; a technique known as kitchen lithography. The reason for using kitchen lithography &#8211; as explained by the director herself &#8211; is to represent the stereotype of Korean women as caretakers, only working in the kitchen to serve the family. The intention fit well with what was presented on the screen, where the audience was taken into a female narrative journey of a female centaur where almost no men exist as the aluminum foil sequence unraveled<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With a short running time of 4~6 minutes, each film takes almost a year to animate. This is why after <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mate<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8211; which she argues is her most rigorous project &#8211; she reverts to the use of laser printers to cut time on drawing each frame. But that is not only her obstacle as an experimental filmmaker, where she faced conflicts due to producers&#8217; disagreement and budgeting due to the unorthodox form rarely seen in conventional animation. Yet we could see how the materials and techniques she used in each film enhance the film\u2019s intention and will not work well within conventional animation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Straight-ahead animation<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Another thing you might notice in Chaerin\u2019s film is how the animation looks so fluid and formless. As an experimental animator, the artist believes spontaneity in her work is important, trying to avoid the pose-to-pose technique that tightly controls the end result. She instead constructs the movement through Straight-ahead animation, where no storyboards are planned and each frame is drawn directly.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The unconstrained work that she implements resembles a lot of the work of Wong Kar-wai, a director that I adored so much. Known for his method of working with no script and impulsively conveying the mood on the spot, critics celebrate his body of work that produces raw emotion in the audience. It is the exact sentiment that could be shared toward the auteur\u2019s animation; a visual containing substantial expression from abstract feelings and emotion that can\u2019t be put into words since the drawing comes from the honest, unconscious mind.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But perhaps what makes the experimental animator\u2019s work fit this style is the nature of the themes presented in her films. Discussing gender issues, her characters are always shown to be free-spirited, trying to break free from the confining conservative values that people are still afraid to explore. The unpredictability of straight-ahead animation helps to symbolize her belief, fighting the philosophy of Pose-to-pose \u201cacademic\u201d rules that emphasize clarity in the animation.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_8767\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-8767\" style=\"width: 1906px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8767\" src=\"https:\/\/minikino.org\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2024\/05\/Chaerin-Im-Articles-Greg-2-web-1.jpg\" alt=\"Meeting with Chaerin Im in Minikino Hybrid Internship for Film Festival Writers Program via Zoom (24\/04\/2024). (Dok. Minikino)\" width=\"1906\" height=\"873\" srcset=\"https:\/\/minikino.org\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2024\/05\/Chaerin-Im-Articles-Greg-2-web-1.jpg 1906w, https:\/\/minikino.org\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2024\/05\/Chaerin-Im-Articles-Greg-2-web-1-300x137.jpg 300w, https:\/\/minikino.org\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2024\/05\/Chaerin-Im-Articles-Greg-2-web-1-1024x469.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/minikino.org\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2024\/05\/Chaerin-Im-Articles-Greg-2-web-1-768x352.jpg 768w, https:\/\/minikino.org\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2024\/05\/Chaerin-Im-Articles-Greg-2-web-1-1536x704.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1906px) 100vw, 1906px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-8767\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Meeting with Chaerin Im in Minikino Hybrid Internship for Film Festival Writers Program via Zoom (24\/04\/2024). (Dok. Minikino)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><b>Transformation &amp; metamorphosis<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Looking at the film closer, the characters in Chaerin\u2019s films always undergo development through transformation. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mate<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> sees two genders blended into one, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eyes and Horns<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> examines a minotaur&#8217;s struggles between masculinity and femininity, while <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I Am a Horse<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> shows the transformation of a bull into a female centaur that captures a dreamlike logic.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is also a suitable method to deliver the message that the filmmaker tries to tell. Similar to all films focusing on gender issues, it has the goal of conveying the message of \u201cchange\u201d to the audience; reflecting the prejudice in conservatism and libertarianism toward both genders. This is evident in most of her animation, where two different subjects were once separated and ended up merging to represent the importance of co-existence between genders. Alternatively, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eyes and Horns <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I Am a Horse<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> also examine the transformation of a masculine subject into femininity or a mixture of both; serving as a reflection specifically of male ego and patriarchal value. Despite having no narration, it is an effective method of storytelling to connect with the audience on the author\u2019s intention.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>What\u2019s next?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Despite the distinctive animation and techniques contained in Chaerin\u2019s film, she has found difficulties in funding her shorts. Producers often point out that the off-beat visuals combined with its nonconformist narrative will be a hard sell to the audience. To counter this, her next film will confront a more traditional storytelling structure, while still implementing the eccentric style mentioned above.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before closing the panel, the South Korean animator shared a bit of her work-in-progress for her next short; fortunately, she still maintains all of her trademarks for her upcoming films. I believe that she has found a style that she is comfortable working on. Even if her films are meticulous in production, the director has proved that the animation medium hasn\u2019t stagnated yet as an artistry and most importantly, as a self-expression.<\/span><\/p>\n<h6><em>Editor: Bintang Panglima<\/em><\/h6>\n<h5>The writer is one of the four selected participants in the Minikino Hybrid Internship for Film Festival Writers (April-September 2024).<\/h5>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Film Critic Dave Kehr categorizes animation in Encyclopedia Britannica as a still image that appears to be moving regardless of its form and medium. From the prehistoric era of cave painting to 19th-century devices such as flipbooks, it is recorded throughout history that artists tried to captivate audiences with the magic of moving characters. With [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":83,"featured_media":8761,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"template":"1","single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"top","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_reading_time":"0","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","show_zoom_button":"0","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"0","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"0","post_calculate_word_method":"str_word_count"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post":"0","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","sponsored_post_name":"","sponsored_post_url":"","sponsored_post_logo_enable":"0","sponsored_post_logo":"","sponsored_post_desc":"","format":"standard","jnews_video_option_group":[[]],"disable_ad":"0","subtitle":""},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":""},"jnews_social_meta":{"fb_title":"","fb_description":"","fb_image":"","twitter_title":"","twitter_description":"","twitter_image":""},"jnews_review":[],"enable_review":"0","type":"percentage","name":"","summary":"","brand":"","sku":"","good":[{"good_text":""}],"bad":[{"bad_text":""}],"score_override":"","override_value":"","rating":[{"rating_text":"","rating_number":"10"}],"price":[{"shop":"","price":"","link":"","icon":""}],"jnews_override_counter":{"override_view_counter":"0","view_counter_number":"0","override_share_counter":"0","share_counter_number":"0","override_like_counter":"0","like_counter_number":"0","override_dislike_counter":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"jnews_podcast_option":{"enable_podcast":"0","podcast_duration":"","upload":""},"jnews_podcast_series":null,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[164,498,55,276,500,502,501,499],"jnews-series":[],"class_list":["post-8758","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-notes","tag-animation","tag-chaerin-im","tag-english","tag-eyes-and-horns","tag-flora","tag-i-am-a-horse","tag-mate","tag-the-genesis"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Chaerin Im: Exploring Beyond Animation Through Non-Conventional Techniques - Minikino Articles<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/minikino.org\/articles\/chaerin-im-exploring-beyond-animation-through-non-conventional-techniques\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Chaerin Im: Exploring Beyond Animation Through Non-Conventional Techniques - Minikino Articles\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Film Critic Dave Kehr categorizes animation in Encyclopedia Britannica as a still image that appears to be moving regardless of its form and medium. 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While working as a freelance filmmaker, Greg also has an interest in film criticism. He participated as a Cinephile Jury on 28th Busan International Film Festival and occasionally creates video essays on his YouTube channel. 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From the prehistoric era of cave painting to 19th-century devices such as flipbooks, it is recorded throughout history that artists tried to captivate audiences with the magic of moving characters. 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